Chemical composition and potential application of spirulina platensis. Assessment of growth, production and nutritional composition. Spirulina has been cultivated commercially for their valuable natural pigments and also used as dietary supplements. Our new medium has the ability to inhibit different forms of cyanobacterium and microalgae except the chlorella. We have designed a medium derived from a combination between georges and zarrouk s media. Beijerinck medium composition for culturing of algae in laboratory of botany and plant science by. Influence of growth medium composition on synthesis of bioactive.
Despite having started with a similar initial inoculum, after 9 days of cultivation, the growth on desalinator wastewater was more intense than in the other two media. Allow to cool then store at refrigerator temperature. This intention was implemented by substituting all the nutrients present in zarrouk s medium sm with cheaper and locally available commercial fertilizers and chemicals. Chemical composition and potential application of spirulina. The composition of the medium was per liter of distilled water. Short communication formulation of organic medium for the. Optimization of biomass production of spirulina platensis in. Photosynthesis, growth and cell composition of spirulina. To determine the optimal temperature for growth, cultures were incubated at four different temper. Growth performance of spirulina arthrospira platensis in.
Dec 12, 2016 the original 1966 zarrouk culture medium formula used by nasa included 2 liquid solutions. Chlorophyll production from spirulina platensis single. Minimising the cost of spirulina platensis culture medium. Alkaline media suitable for lb 2340 spirulina platensis and lb 2342 spirulina maxima directions.
For formulating a new and costeffective medium, in the first step, each of the individual constituents was substituted one by one after single super phosphate ssp supplying cah 2 po 4 2 caso 4 such that potassium and phosphorus equivalent to the amount present in the sm was provided and with muriate of potash. Zarrouk s medium was used as the sm, and its composition is given in table 1. The first synthetic medium formulated for cultivation of spirulina was zarrouks medium zarrouk, 1966 which is still used as the standard medium. Because spirulina will absorb whatever is in its environment, which is, you guested it, the culture medium. Effects of medium composition, calcium, iron and oxygen on. Isolation and characterization of a new cyanobacterial.
The results show that the cost of preparing the culture medium using vinh hao mineral water is less than 252. Pdf effect of modified zarrouks medium on growth of. Effect of modified zarrouks medium on growth of different. This intention was implemented by substituting all the nutrients present in zarrouks medium sm with cheaper and locally available commercial fertilizers and chemicals. Alkaline media suitable for lb 2340 spirulina platensis and lb 2342 spirulina maxima. Read the effect of low light flux and nitrogen deficiency on the chemical composition of spirulina sp. Growth medium screening for chlorella vulgaris growth and.
For that, a mixed culture of pure chlorella and arthrospira. Arthrospira grown on digested pig waste, bioresource technology on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at. Therefore, the second step of the study was conducted for scaleup based on the highest biomass production with the cheapest medium, which was the m19 medium. However, discarding zarrouk medium with nitrate can also be a. Pdf formulation of costeffective medium using urea as a. This study assessed the biomass, proximate composition, and other useful compounds in spirulina arthrospira fusiformis produced with a costeffective culture medium lcma, and the results were compared with those from a standard zarrouk medium grown.
Production of pigments depends on composition of medium and its ph. Four different types of spirulina biomass with a different chemical composition were tested. Subsequently, different media have been tried for cultivation of spirulina such as revised medium raoof et al. These acidic liquids require special care, as they involve the use of hazardous acids which, if not handled properly, can cause serious damage and discomfort, irritating the eyes and skin of the preparer. The aim of this study is to produce a pharmaceutical grade single cell product of arthrospira from a mixed culture. A comparison of growth in terms of change in turbidity 750 nm after 5 days indicated that there was about 250% change in turbidity of the cultures grown in zarrouk s medium. The culture media nutrients consist of chemicals which support the growth of culture or microorganisms. The medium was autoclaved without the bicarbonate salts. Cultivation of two species of spirulina spirulina platensis. Pes medium as table 1 in which the salinity of the seawater was reduced to 20. The aim of this study is to understand the growth response of different strains under modified. Specific growth rate, doubling time, mean daily division rate, biomass, and. Jul 11, 2012 the culture medium or the water in which spirulina grows is one of the most import parameter when growing spirulina at home.
Spirulina platensis was grown in zarrouk s medium with the initial medium ph 8. Formulation of a lowcost medium for mass production of. How to make nasas solution b6 for zarrouk growth medium 1966. Zarrouk s medium and compare the specific growth rate, doubling time, mean daily division rate, to biomass, and chlorophylla. Biomass production by arthrospira platensis under different.
For 1 l total after both solutions 1 and 2 are sterilized, transfer the contents of. Partial substitution of synthetic zarrouk medium with 25% of wastewater showed no adverse effect on chemical composition of the biomass including high protein content 4558% dry weight and favorable fatty acid composition 4245% pufas of total fatty acids. Effects of medium composition, calcium, iron and oxygen on haemolysin production by plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from water k. Biosorption of heavy metals influenced by the chemical. Further study is required with a focus on one or two particular nutrients with alteration in concentration in one type of medium, and other factors remaining unchanged each time to find out the. Zarrouk s synthetic solid medium zarrouk, 1966,amended with 2%wv agar was used for maintaining s. Although alterations were made in the basic composition, the media so developed commercially were. A comparison of growth in terms of change in turbidity 750 nm after 5 days indicated that there was about 250% change in turbidity of the cultures grown in zarrouks medium. Spirulina culture medium list with recipes and suppliers. The concentration of the original formulation, termed f medium guillard and ryther 1962, has been reduced by half.
Formulation of a lowcost medium for mass production of spirulina. Zarrouks medium and compare the specific growth rate, doubling time, mean daily division rate, to biomass, and chlorophylla. For n2 limited cultures, nan03 was replaced by kc1, and nitrate ammonia, and urea were tested in different concentrations as. Two of them contained a high percentage of protein 68. As most pathogenic microbes require complex food similar in composition. We reported here our attempts at culturing spirulina platensis in human urine solely and directly to achieve nutrient regeneration and air revitalization. The respective growth was monitored and contents were tested. Journal of algal biomass utilization jabu is published by phycospectrum online launched in 2009 and updated monthly. Materials and methods microalgae the strain of arthrospira fusiformis used in this study was obtained from the stock culture kept at the institute of marine sciences, university of dar es salaam, tanzania.
Cells were grown under continuous illumination with white luminescent lamps at 110 moles of photons m. The culture broth was a mixture of ricotta whey diluted with zarrouk medium zarrouk, 1966, in ratio 1. Variation of spirulina maxima biomass production in. Here is the composition of the zarrouk medium, that i recommend to use for your tank at home. This study assessed the biomass, proximate composition, and other useful compounds in spirulina arthrospira fusiformis produced with a costeffective culture medium lcma, and the results were compared with those from a standard zarrouk mediumgrown spirulina. Cultivation of spirulina platensis in different selective. Production of carbohydrates depends on composition of medium and its ph. Growth performance of spirulina arthrospira platensis in a. Further study is required with a focus on one or two particular nutrients with alteration in concentration in one type of medium, and other.
Leb18 culture using effluent from the anaerobic dige stion 279 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol. A study showed that zarrouk s medium zm was the best medium in terms of biomass productivity, while modi. The effect of modified zarrouk s medium on the growth response of 6 different spirulina strains was evaluated. Vonshak1986 used to maintain the unicellular green algae.
After both solutions 1 and 2 are sterilized, transfer the contents. Six different spirulina strains were obtained from different sources table 1. Ast medium at 1x concentration is similar to zarrouks medium, while 2x medium contains a high amount of salt. Murashige and skoog basal medium catalog number m5519 storage temperature 28 c product description classic plant cell culture medium containing macro and micronutrients, and vitamins. The bicarbonate solutions were sterilized by filtration through 0. The cultivations were biomass production by arthrospira platensis under different culture conditions. The effect of modified zarrouks medium on the growth response of 6 different spirulina strains was evaluated.
Zarrouk s nutritive medium zarrouk, 1966 were used as starter inocula. This study aimed to provide a cost effective medium to large scale production of spirulina platensis. Microbes can use the nutrients of culture media as their food is necessary for cultivating them in vitro. Cultures are tested under both n sufficiency and n limitation and the effects of co 2. Optimization of spirulina platensis biomass and evaluation. Pdf effect of modified zarrouks medium on growth of different. Spirulina maxima was grown outdoors for 2 weeks in a 10l transparent plastic jar with two replications r1 and r2. In order to prevent the formation of precipitates during autoclaving, two solutions are prepared as follows. The effects of media composition on the production of cphycocyanin cpc from the bluegreen algae spirulina platensis and the anti oxidant potential of the synthesizedcpc have been studied. Cultivation of spirulina platensis in different selective media nopr. Dec 23, 2019 cultivation of spirulina at commercialscales relies on analytical gradebased media, which are expensive and so are the product. Isolation and characterization of a new cyanobacterial strain. It is a challenge for the researchers to develop a low cost medium for the mass production of spirulina. Microalgae strain catalogue a strain selection guide for microalgae users.
The culture medium was modified for nutrient limitation studies. Formulation of costeffective medium using urea as a nitrogen source for arthrospira platensis cultivation under real environment. Table 1 chemical composition of zarrouks medium and the new reduced cost media. The strain was maintained in a modified zarrouk s medium9 in 500ml flasks containing 200ml of culture at room temperature. Production and nutritive value of spirulina platensis in. Optimization of growth of spirulina platensis ln1 for production of carotenoids m thirumala research paper growth of spirulina platensis ln1 was observed using eight different media consisting of different combinations of lonar lake water, n, p and k and zarrouk medium composition under different incubation periods.
Optimization of spirulina platensis biomass and evaluation of. Biomass and nutritive value of spirulina arthrospira. During our testing of media compositions using chlorella and arthrospira both. Cultivation of spirulina at commercialscales relies on analytical gradebased media, which are expensive and so are the product. Pdf production and nutritive value of spirulina platensis in.
The authors also observed the maximum content of phycoerythrin in synthetic human urine shu medium. Partial substitution of synthetic 25 zarrouk medium with 25% of wastewater showed no adverse effect on chemical composition of the biomass including high protein content 4558%26 dry weight and favourable fatty acids composition 27 4245% pufas of total fatty acids. Spirulina medium recipe directions modification of the sag medium. Zarrouk s medium formulated for spirulina cultivation as the standard medium sm. Pef medium in which the nutrients were the same as the pes medium, but freshwater was used instead of seawater. Assessment of growth, production and nutritional composition of spirulina platensis under induced conditions of light regime.
Chemical composition of zarrouks medium and the new reduced cost media. Research article new medium for pharmaceutical grade arthrospira amroa. A study showed that zarrouks medium zm was the best medium in terms of biomass productivity, while modi. In zarrouk medium, bg11 medium and seawater medium, the ph becomes more basic. Assay 1 2 3 concentration of carbon source g l1 nahco. Dec 21, 2005 human urine contains minimal organic matters, but much inorganic matter, such as n, p and k larsen et al. This kit is a premixed formula of all necessary nutrients and minerals to grow 100 gallons of spirulina growth media. Biomass composition of arthrospira platensis during. One liter of zarrouks medium consists of part a nahco3 16.
Zarrouk medium, bg11 medium, conway medium, f2 medium and seawater medium for thirty days. Zarrouk medium which is rich in bicarbonate has successfully served as a common culture medium in spirulina culture for years 2. Research article new medium for pharmaceutical grade. Production and nutritive value of spirulina platensis in reduced cost. Research article new medium for pharmaceutical grade arthrospira. In this study, organic medium used and growth performance of spirulina was studied based on th. Directions in order to prevent the formation of precipitates during autoclaving, two solutions are prepared as follows. Zarrouk growth media is a popular combination of salts and minerals used in spirulina cultivation as the building blocks that help spirulina grow and thrive. Optimization of arthrospira platensis spirulina growth. Biomass concentration as dry weight and protein content of cultivation in complex medium were lower to those observed in the inorganic zarrouk medium, regardless of the light intensity. Composition of the culture media used in the experiments. The biomass, ph, and salinity were measured during inoculation and at the end of the study. Utilization of co2 in semicontinuous cultivation of spirulina sp.
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